﻿{"id":56,"date":"2009-06-30T09:16:53","date_gmt":"2009-06-30T09:16:53","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2011-11-18T16:56:58","modified_gmt":"2011-11-18T08:56:58","slug":"56","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/56.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4fdd\u8bc1Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168 \u4ece\u9632\u8303\u6f0f\u6d1e\u505a\u8d77"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u559c\u7231\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u7f16\u5199Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u7740\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u540e\u76fe\u548c\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97Linux\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u76f8\u5173\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540e\u5e76\u672a\u6ce8\u610f\u81ea\u5df1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97Linux\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u800c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5374\u5f88\u96be\u5bdf\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f46\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4eec\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4e86\u5462?\u5176\u5b9e\u5927\u53ef\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u505a\u597d\u4e0b\u8ff0\u51e0\u70b9\u4fbf\u53ef\u5b89\u5fc3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u53d6\u6d88\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u671f\u7684Unix\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\/etc\/inetd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62c5\u6b64\u91cd\u4efb\u3002Inetd\u662fInternetdaemon\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u76d1\u89c6\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5916\u754c\u4f20\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c31\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684TCP\u6216UDP\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u53d7inetd\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6307\u6325\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206TCP\u6216UDP\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u662f\u5728\/etc\/inetd.conf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\/etc\/inetd.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c#\u201d\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86http\u3001smtp\u3001telnet\u548cftp\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8baetftp\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u7528\u7684imap\/ipop\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u8d44\u6599\u7528\u7684gopher\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u7684daytime\u548ctime\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982finger\u3001efinger\u3001systat\u548cnetstat\u7b49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u67e5\u9519\u548c\u5bfb\u627e\u7528\u6237\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7ed9\u9ed1\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528finger\u670d\u52a1\u67e5\u627e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5168\u90e8\u53d6\u6d88\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Inetd\u9664\u4e86\u5229\u7528\/etc\/inetd.conf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u9879\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5229\u7528\/etc\/services\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u627e\u5404\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5404\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u578b\u6001\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4ec5\u5728\u6709\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982finger\u670d\u52a1;\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6c38\u4e0d\u505c\u987f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u9760\u4fee\u6539inetd\u6765\u505c\u6b62\u5176\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/rc.d\/rc[n].d\/\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7528Run level editor\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u7684NFS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u63d0\u4f9bNNTP\u65b0\u95fb\u670d\u52a1\u7684news\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u53d6\u6d88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u9650\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u51fa\u5165<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u5165Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6Unix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0cLinux\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5230\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u592a\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7834\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\u731c\u6d4b\u51fa\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/shadow\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9605\u8bfb\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u63d2\u5165\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757(PAM)\u3002\u5f88\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5e26\u6709Linux\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7a0b\u5e8fPAM\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aPAM\u91c7\u7528\u5c01\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6709\u5173\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5168\u90e8\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u5185\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u5f71\u5b50\u6863\u6848\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5e2e\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cPAM\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4f20\u7edf\u7684DES\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\u6539\u5199\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u906d\u4eba\u7834\u8bd1;\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u8111\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4e0a\u9650;\u5b83\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e0a\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u9700\u82b1\u8d39\u51e0\u5c0f\u65f6\u53bb\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u8bbe\u5b9aPAM\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u628a\u5f88\u591a\u653b\u51fb\u963b\u6321\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eLinux\u6d41\u901a\u6e20\u9053\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ecf\u5e38\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8865\u4e01\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Kernel\u662fLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7531\u4e8eKernel\u63a7\u5236\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e9\u671f\u7684Kernel\u7248\u672c\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ea\u67092.0.x\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7248\u672c\u624d\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u6539\u89c2\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u5b9aKernel\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u6240\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u7167\u5355\u5168\u6536\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u4f7fKernel\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u65e2\u5360\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7559\u4e0b\u53ef\u4e58\u4e4b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Internet\u4e0a\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fee\u8865\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u6d88\u606f\u7075\u901a\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5149\u987e\u5b89\u5168\u65b0\u95fb\u7ec4\uff0c\u67e5\u9605\u65b0\u7684\u4fee\u8865\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>SSH\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c42\u7684\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u7528\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3rlogin\u3001rsh\u548crcp\u7b49\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec4\u3002SSH\u91c7\u7528\u516c\u5f00\u5bc6\u94a5\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e24\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u5176\u5bc6\u94a5\u5145\u5f53\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8eSSH\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e24\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u4f20\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cSSH\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969cLinux\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\uff0cWindows\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u9650\u5236\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0croot\u662fLinux\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u6743\u529b\u65e0\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u5c06\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6c42\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u8ba9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7528\u6237\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002Sudo\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Sudo\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7ec4\u6001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u518d\u767b\u5f55\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u516d\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u4e5f\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237ID\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f52\u5e76\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684tcpd\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u548c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5355\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u5728\/etc\/hosts.allow\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u5728\/etc\/hosts.deny\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8inetd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cLinux\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u5165\u6216\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\/rar\/log\/secure\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u67e5\u51fa\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7ID\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e13\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8d23\u67d0\u4e2aID\u7684\u804c\u5458\u79bb\u804c\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5165\u4fb5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f88\u4e45\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u5177\u6709root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6709\u6743\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7545\u884c\u65e0\u963b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u8d26\u53f7\u8d4b\u4e88root\u6743\u9650\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\/etc\/securetty\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5root\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728RedHatLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u5730\u865a\u62df\u63a7\u5236\u53f0(rtys)\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7528\u6237\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u4e3aroot\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5148\u4ee5\u666e\u901a\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528su\u547d\u4ee4\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684\u559c\u7231\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u559c\u6b22\u7f16\u5199Li &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/56.html\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[29,30],"class_list":["post-56","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-linux-2","tag-30"],"views":767,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/zerobox.org\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}